It depends on version of Microsoft Access you use.
MS Upsizing Wizard 2000 falls over without displaying error message but MS Upsizing Wizard 2002 does the job.
However Microsoft documentation says otherwise.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dnsqlsm/html/upsize00.asp
Linked Tables Can Be Upsized
You can use the Microsoft Access 2000 Upsizing Tools to copy tables linked to SQL Server and MSDE. However, you should not use this functionality as your primary method of moving indexed sequential access method (ISAM) data and Open Database Connectivity (ODBC)-based data to your SQL Server. Instead, use the Data Transformation Services available with MSDE and SQL Server 7.0.'